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The Perfect II (strong verbs and verbs that take sein as auxiliary verb)

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I. Recap

The German present perfect tense contains two components: an auxiliary verb and a past participle. This tense is used frequently in conversation. In English, the present perfect translates to a variety of meanings:

Ich habe gesehen.
I saw, I was seeing, I have seen, I did see.

II. Strong verbs

“Strong” verbs are simply verbs that do not take a -t on their stem, but rather an -n or -en. It is also common for these verbs to have a vowel change in the past participle. The irregularities of these should be noted as a large amount of them are verbs used on a daily basis.

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