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Das Perfekt I (Weak Verbs and Irregulars with Haben)

Das Perfekt II (Strong Verbs and Verbs that Take Sein)

Past Perfect (Plusquamperfekt)

Additional Strong Verbs in Perfekt

The Perfect II (strong verbs and verbs that take sein as auxiliary verb)

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I. Recap

The German present perfect tense contains two components: an auxiliary verb and a past participle. This tense is used frequently in conversation. In English, the present perfect translates to a variety of meanings:

Ich habe gesehen.
I saw, I was seeing, I have seen, I did see.

II. Strong verbs

“Strong” verbs are simply verbs that do not take a -t on their stem, but rather an -n or -en. It is also common for these verbs to have a vowel change in the past participle. The irregularities of these should be noted as a large amount of them are verbs used on a daily basis.

kommen

Wir sind nach Hause gekommen.
We came home.

lesen

Ihr *habt den Roman gelesen.
You read the novel.

schreiben

Hast du den Brief *geschrieben?
Did you write the letter?
** Here, we see that the stem vowel cluster changes
from ei to ie in the past perfect.

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