Screen width of at least 320px is required. Screen width can be adjusted by widening your browser window or adjusting your mobile device settings. If you are on a mobile device, you can also try orienting to landscape.

Dative Prepositions

aa
AA

I. Theory

Both English and German use prepositions to show the role of nouns and pronouns in the sentence or clause. They oftentimes show:

  • Motion - “to”, “from”
  • Temporality - “since”, “before”, “after”
  • Relations between words - “with”, “except”

In German, prepositions trigger cases to show two things: 1) which part of the sentence is being affected and 2) how they are affected - as some prepositions have more than one meaning. This lesson will focus on prepositions that always take the dative case.

Examples:
Wohnst du noch bei deinen Eltern?
Do you still live with your parents?

Wurde dieser Roman von Goethe geschrieben?
Was this novel written by Goethe?

Seit dem Krieg ist die Stadt gefährlich.
Since the war, the city has been dangerous.

Jeder geht zur Party außer mir.
Everyone is going to the party except for me.

II. Dative Prepositions

The following list contains German prepositions that always trigger the dative case.

aus

Ich komme aus den USA.
I’m from the United States.

außer

Das Tier ist außer Sicht gerannt.
The animal ran out of sight.

bei

Bei Dunkelheit ist es schwierig zu wandern.
It’s difficult to hike at dark.

mit

Ich arbeite mit meinen Kollegen.
I work with my colleagues.

nach

Wir fliegen nach Deutschland.
We are flying to Germany.

seit

Ich wohne seit 2012 in Frankreich.
I have lived in France since 2012.

von

Er ist ein Freund von mir.
He is a friend of mine.

zu

Ich bleibe heute zu Hause.
Today, I am staying at home.

ab

Ab jetzt müssen alle Arbeiter eine Stunde früher anfangen.
From now on, all workers must begin an hour earlier.

gegenüber

Der Hund ist Kindern gegenüber freundlich.
The dog is friendly towards children.

III. Translating Prepositions

As you can see from the various translations for each preposition above, these prepositions have no direct counterpart in English. For this reason, it is important to know the semantic range and instances in which each one is used.

Examples:
Ich wohne mit einem Freund.
I live with a friend (we both pay the rent).
Ich wohne bei einem Freund.
I’m living at a friend’s place.

Wir reisen nach China.
We are travelling to China.
Wir gehen zu einer Post.
We are going to a post office.

Er fährt von zu Hause.
He drives from home.
Er kommt aus Österreich.
He is from Austria.

Continue the conversation

Go further and experience the full content — and understand how German is actually used.

Continue

Already have access? Log in.