Screen width of at least 320px is required. Screen width can be adjusted by widening your browser window or adjusting your mobile device settings. If you are on a mobile device, you can also try orienting to landscape.

Conditional Part 1 (Konjunktiv II) with würden and modals

aa
AA

I. Theory

The German Konjunktiv II and English Conditional tense serve the same function: to convey hypothetical situations or actions that may or may not have happened. English uses the modal verb would in conjunction with a second verb to show the conditional. In German, the modal verb würden is most commonly used to designate the conditional tense when used with a second verb.

Note: The use of würden is not the only way to form the conditional in German. Certain verbs have their own conditional conjugate (as we see with the modal verbs discussed below). These other verbs and their unique conditional forms are discussed in another lesson.

Ich würde mit dir gehen.
I would go with you.

Sie würde uns anrufen, aber sie hat kein Handy.
She would call us, but she has no cellphone.

Wenn er langsamer sprechen würde, würde ich ihn verstehen.
If he would speak slower, I would understand him.

II. Würden

Here, we see the formation of the modal verb, würden:

ich würde wir würden
du würdest ihr würdet
er/sie/es würde sie/Sie würden

Das würde ich nicht machen.
I wouldn’t do that.

Wir würden lieber ins Kino gehen.
We would rather go to the movies.

Wenn wir mehr arbeiten würden, würden wir besser verdienen.
If we would work more, we would earn more.

III. Modal Verbs

Because würden is a modal itself, it is not used in conjunction with other modal verbs. For this reason, the other German modal verbs (können, müssen, sollen, dürfen, wollen, and mögen) have their own conditional forms.

Modal verbs in the conditional look similar to their simple past forms, however those with umlauted vowels in their infinitive form keep them in the conditional. Since sollen and wollen have no umlaut in their infinitive form, they do not take one in the conditional.

Können

ich könnte wir könnten
du könntest ihr könntet
er/sie/es könnte sie/Sie können

*Mögen

ich möchte wir möchten
du möchtest ihr möchtet
er/sie/es möchte sie/Sie möchten
*mögen has an irregular conditional form.
Wenn du Deutsch lernen würdest, könntest du in Berlin arbeiten.
If you learned German, you could work in Berlin.

Wenn das Wetter morgen schön ist, möchte ich spazieren gehen.
If the weather is nice tomorrow, I would like to go for a walk.

Sie müssten sich für eine Arbeitserlaubnis bewerben, wenn Sie in Deutschland arbeiten wollten.
You would have to apply for a work permit, if you wanted to work in Germany.

Continue the conversation

Go further and experience the full content — and understand how German is actually used.

Continue

Already have access? Log in.